MAKALAH
BAHASA INGGRIS
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NAMA : CHAIRUL
SYAIFUDIN
KELAS : X MM 1
TAHUN PELAJARAN
2013/2014
WHAT ARE YOU
DOING?
MENJELASKAN SECARA SEDERHANA KEGIATAN YANG SEDANG
TERJADI
LEARNING OUTCOMES
After learning
this unit, hopefully will be able to:
1.Tell or
Describe Events
2.Describe
Location by Using ‘There + To be’
3.Use
Preposition of Place
4.Make a Detail
Question
5.Express
Feeling
Section One
Describing Events
RELATED THEORY
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
We use the
present continuous to describe:
a.
Action
in progress at the present moment.
Tom, please answer the phone.I’m taking a bath now.
b.
Action
happening around now, even though not at the moment of speaking.
Come employessare
having demonstration in front of the President Palace right now.
That way we have
to learn this tense first when we want to describe or to report an event that
is in progress.To make it simple, now try to understand the explanation below;
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Present
Progressive Tense
Cirikhasnya;
1. (+) Is, Am, Are + V-Ing . . . .
(-) Is, Am,
Are + Not + V-Ing . . . .
(?) Is, Am, Are + S + V-Ing . . . .?
2. It Usually Uses Some Adverbs Of Time:This Time,
Now, Right Now, At Present, At The
Moment Etc.
3. It Also Appears After We Use Verb Sense:
Look, Watch Out, Smell, Hear &
Listen.
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1.
Patterns
AFFIRMATIVE (S +[is, am, are] + V-ing + …..)
Study the
samples below!
Ø I am studying
English now.
Ø He is studying
English now.
Ø She is studying
English now.
Ø We are studying
English now.
Ø They are
studying English now.
Ø You are studying
English now.
(+) Yes, you are.
(-) No, you aren’t.
Ø Is he studying
English now?
(+) Yes, he is.
(-) No, he isn’t.
Ø Is she studying
English now?
(+) Yes, she is.
(-) No, she isn’t.
NEGATIVE (S + [is, am, are] + NOT + V-ing + ……)
Study the
samples below!
Ø I am not
studying English now.
Ø He is not
studying English now.
Ø She is not
studying English now.
Ø We are not
studying English now.
Ø They are not
studying English now.
Ø You are not
studying English now.
INTERROGATIVE [is, am, are] + S + V-ing ……?
Study the
samples below!
Ø Are we studying
English now?
(+) Yes, we are.
(-) No, we
aren’t.
Ø Are they
studying English now?
(+) Yes, they
are.
(-) No, they
aren’t.
Ø Are you studying
English now?
(+) Yes, I am.
(-) No, I am
not.
Ø Is he studying
English now?
(+) Yes, he is.
(-) No, he is
not.
2.Contractions
Affirmative
a) I am ◊ I’m
b) He is ◊ He’s
c) She is ◊ She’s
d) We are ◊ We’re
e) They are ◊
They’re
f)
You
are ◊ You’re
Negative
a)I am not ◊ I’m
not
b)He is not ◊ He’s not/He isn’t
c)She is not ◊ She’s not/ She isn’t
d)We are not ◊ We’re not. We aren’t
e)They are not ◊ They’re not/ They
aren’t
f)You are not ◊ You’re not/ You aren’t
The role of adding (Verb + -ing)
·
The
verb should be V1 from.
·
Verb
ending-e, drop the-e when they add-ing.
·
Verbs
with one syllable, ending in one vowel and one consonant, double the consonant
when they add-ing.
·
Verbs
ending in-iechange the-ieto-y.
·
Verb
ending in-y there’s no changing.
Study the sample below!
Verb1+ - ing
 Decibe
deciding Divide dividing Write writing Dig diggingSit sitting Stop stopping  swim swimming |
 Die dying Lie lying Tie tyingCry cryingFly flyingStudy studying |
TASK 1
Example : the
waiter / serve / the guest / now
The waiter is
serving the guest now
1)
He
/ deliver / the mails / now
2)
Astronauts
/ travel / the space / now
3)
Pilot
/ fly / the plane / now
4)
Mother
/ tell / a story / to my little brother / now
5)
Fadila
/ talk / to pramasti / now
Section Two
Describing location by using “ there + to be “
there + to be + subject
|
Duahalpenting
yang harusdiperhatikan ;
1)
Subject kalimatterlekatsetelah to be.
Perhatikansubjectnyatunggalataujamak.
2)
Penggunaan to be sendiri ;
·
Is, am, are ……….kalimat present tense
·
Was, were ……… .kalimat past tense
·
Will be ………….. kalimat future tense
·
Have/ has been …..kalimat perfect tense
|
Task 1
Choose the suitable to be for each sentence.
A.
Is B. are
C. was D. were E.will be F. has been
G. have been
1)
Father
:ida goes to school so early but why she comes late at there.
Joni : there …
traffic jam on his way to school.
2)
Edo
: why didn’t you come to my party yesterday ?
Edi : there … an
accident om my way to yout home. I stopped to help the victims.
3)
Rika
: what makes you sad, ira ?
Ira : there … so
many tragedies at my family since two weeks ago.
4)
Ayu
: what makes you so happy ?
Nira : there …
some parties at my home next week ?
5)
Lita
: what happens to your left ear ?
Ita : there …
some water inside it last night. It still hurts now.
Section Three
Preposition of Place
Observase the
preposition of place in the box below.
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·
At means Di
: at home, at work, at the airport, at the cinema
Pada ( waktu ): at midnight, at 5.30
P.M at six O’clock
Pada( usia
) : at sixteen, at the age of
sixteen.
·
In Means Di
: in the school, in the bed, in London, in her room.
Di dalam : in my bag, in the cupboard, in the
bus.
Pada (tahun) : in 1998, in may
Pada (musim/ hritidaktertentu) : in
summer, in the fall, in the morning
·
On Means Di atas
: on the tables, on the roof, on the floor.
Di ( menempel ) : on the wall, on the
door, on the board.
Pada (hari/tanggal) : on Monday, on 4thjune,
on my birthday.
Pada( haritertentu ) : on the morning
of the sixth, on Sunday morning.
·
Behind means Dibelakang : behind the door, behind you.
·
Between means Di
antaraduabenda : between the hotels, between the buses.
·
Among means
Diantaralebihduabenda: among them, among the girls.
·
From means Dari :
from here, from the school.
·
Inside means Di dalam
: inside the book, inside his house.
·
Near means Dekat :
near the window, near the gate, near the computer.
·
Next to means Di
samping / di sebelah : next to the bank, next to the man in blue jeans.
·
Beside means Di
samping : beside the radio, beside the vast,
beside the printer.
·
Opposite means Di
hadapan : opposite the bank, opposite the café.
·
Under means Di bawah
: under the chair, under the sofa, under the tree.
·
In the left of
means
Disebelahkiri : in the left of computer, in the left of monitor.
·
In the right
of meansDisebelahkanan : in the right of the
car, in the right of the bus.
·
Around meansSekitar : around the school, around the
garage, around the kitchen.
·
In front of means Didepan : in front of the class, in the
front of the table, in front of the TV.
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Task 1 use the right preposition.
1.
My
uncle saw his friend …. The morning.
A.
In B. On
C. At D. From
2.
….
Saturday afternoon, I usually go swimming.
A.
In B. On
C. At D. From
3.
My
father always get’s up …. 04.00 A.M
A.
In B. On
C. At D. From
4.
Mr.
Ridwan will stay …. The santika hotel next Sunday.
A.
In B. On
C. At D. From
5.
The
meeting will be held …. Yogyakarta next week.
1.
In B. On
C. At D. From
Section Four
Making detail questions
Detail question
or question using a question word is a question that ask an certain information
from asentence, such us the place, the time, the manner, the reason, the
coiceect. To make it simple study the pattern below.
|
KATA
TANYA+KATA BANTU+SUBJECT+…..?
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·
KATA
TANYA DASAR
1.
WHAT
: APA
2.
WHEN
: KAPAN
3.
WHERE
: DIMANA
4.
WHY
: MENGAPA
5.
WHICH
: YANG MANA
6.
WHOSE
: MILIK SIAPA
7.
WHO
: SIAPA (SUBYEK)
8.
WHOM
: SIAPA (OBYEK)
9.
HOW
: BAGAIMANA
10. HOW + KATA SIFAT
: BERAPA + KATA SIFAT
·
Kata
bantu kata kerja ;
1.
To
be :Is, Am, Are -Digunakanjikakalimattidakpunya
kata kerja.
-
Jikakalimatpunya
kata kerjatapibermaknasedang / pasif.
-
Kalimatmenggunakan
tense simple present.
Was, were - Digunakanjikakalimattidakpunya kata kerja.
-
Jikakalimatpunya
kata kerjatapibermaknasedang / pasif.
-
Kalimatmenggunakan
tense simple past.
Be - Digunakanjikakalimattidakpunya
kata kerja.
-
Jikakalimatpunya
kata kerjatapibermaknasedang / pasif.
-
Kalimatmenggunakan
tense simple present / past future
-
Be
haruslekatdengan modal will / would / is, I am, are, was, were + going to + be
…..
Been-
Digunakanjikakalimattidakpunya kata kerja.
-
Jikakalimatpunya
kata kerjatapibermaknasedang / pasif.
-
Kalimatmenggunakan
tense simple present / past perfect.
-
Been
harusdidahuluioleh modal have / has / had
2.
Do
/ does dan did - Digunakanjikakalimatpunya
kata kerja (dasar)
-
Do
/ does jikakalimatmenggunakan tense simple present.
-
Did
jikadigunakanmenggunakan tense simple past.
3.
Modal - digunakanjika kata
kerjadalamkalimatmempunyaiartitambahankhusussesuaidenganarti modal.
-
Kalimatdapatmenggunakansemua
tense dengantambahanartikhususpada kata kerjanya.
-
Modal
; will, can, may, shall, would, could, might, should, must etc.
4.
Has
/ have dan had - Digunakanjika kata kerjadalamkalimatadatambahanartitelah.
-
Has
/ have jikakalimatmenggunakan tense present.
-
Had
jikakalimatmenggunakan tense past.
Task
Supply the correct question-words to the following.
1.
… will the test begin ? next week.
2.
… do you usually go to school ? by bus.
3.
… Did’t you go to work yesterday I was sick.
4.
… will you go to for you holidays ? bali.
5.
… will you do in bali ? swim in kuta beach.
Section Five
Expressing Feeling
Adjectives ending in-ing and –ed
In order to
understand the underlying meaning of adjectives derived from the present participle
(verb – ing) and past participle (verb – 3 / verb ending in – ed), study the
following guideline:
If someone / something does (v-ing), it
makes us (v-ed). The adjectives ending in – ed show the result of feeling
towards something, while adjectives ending in – ing show that something cause
or affect people in a certain way. It can be understood from this example.
·
Prabu
is amused because the cartoon is amusing.
·
The
cartoon is amusing so Prabu is amused. (not ‘Prabu is amusing’) Pay close
attention the these:
·
I
turned off the television in the middle of the program
·
The
program was boring.
·
I
was bored with program.
Listed below are
common confusing pairs of adjectives derived from the participles.
|
Amusing >< amused
Amazing >< amazed
Annoying >< annoyed
Astonishing >< astonished
Attracting >< attracted
Boring
>< bored
Confusing >< confused
Depressing >< depressed
Disappointing >< disappointed
Disgunting>< disgusted
Exhausting ><exhausted
|
Exciting >< excited
Fascinating >< fascinated
Frightening >< frightened
Horrifying >< horrified
Interesting >< interested
Satisfying >< satisfied
Shocking >< shocked
Surprising >< surprised
Terrifying ><terrified
Tiring >< tired
Worrying >< worried
|
Task 1
Decide whether
the verb should be in the present or past participle.
1.
Does
your girl easily (embarrassing/embarrassed)?
2.
Are
your friends (interesting/interested) in your method of teaching?
3.
This
journey is very long. It was very (tiring/tired).
4.
The
little girl was (attracting/attracted) by the little of the film.
5.
Agus
was (disappointing/disappointed) with the hotel sevice.
Section Six
Present Future continuous
First study this simple situasion :
|
Tomy is a football fan and there is
football match on television this evening. The matc begin at 7.30 and ends at
9.30. anti wants to come and see tomy this evening and want to know what time
to come.
Anti : is it all right if I come at
about 8.30 ?
Tomy : no, don’t come then. I will be
watching the match on the television.
Anti : oh, well, what about 9.30 ?
Tomy : yes, that will be fine. That
match will have finished by then.
|
we use future continuous to say that we weill
be in the middle of doing something at a certain time in the future. The
football match begins at 7.30 and ends at 9.30. Do during this time, for
example at 8.30, tom wil be watching the match.
|
S + WILL + BE + VERB ING + O/ADV
|
OR
|
S + ( IS, AM, ARE ) GOING TO + BE + VERB ING +
O/ADV
|
We uses adverbs
of time ; at this tomorrow, next …, tonight, etc.
EX :
1.
This
time next week I’ll be on holiday. I will be lying on a beautiful beach.
2.
I
am going to be playing tennis this afternoon.
Task
Make sentence with will be-ing / be going to be v-ing
1.
I’am
going to watch television from 9 until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 9.30 I
……………………………………………………………………………
2.
Tomorrow
afternoon I’am going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30.
So at 4 p’clock tomorrow I
………………………………………………………
3.
Jimmy
is going to study from 7 o’clock until 10 o’clock this evening. So at 8.30 this
evening he ………………………………………………………..
4.
We
are going to clean the house tomorrow. It will take from 9 until 11 o’clock.
So at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning we
……………………………………..
5.
Jonathan
and Winda are going to see concert tomorrow night from 7 until 9 o’clock. So at
8 tomorrow night they ……………………………….
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